As with the environmental impacts and environmental clearance, the government should try to anticipate and obtain permits based on the outline plans for the works (or a reference design, if that has been prepared). This is done in order to mitigate risks and prepare the project. It should also be responsive to risks associated with permits in so far as they may relate to technical prescriptions.
However, it is common practice worldwide that the general risk associated with permits lies with the private partner (who will in turn pass them through to the contractor in the construction contract). This is because the private partner develops the design and also because the procuring authority cannot commit to issue permits that other departments are responsible for.
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