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Body of Knowledge:
Tendering and Awarding the Contract
Some governments provide for independent oversight of the tender process while it is occurring to ensure that it is fair and transparent.
For example, governments in Australia and New Zealand appoint a probity practitioner to ensure that a transparent and robust process is followed at all times....
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The land or site for building the asset may already be available, or it may be in the hands of the authority, and available for use.
However, in most of the cases it is not. In such cases, land has to be acquired. This is especially complex in linear infrastructure, such as roads and rails where...
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Body of Knowledge:
Tendering and Awarding the Contract
This phase covers the period from the launching of the project to the point of financial close. This chapter assumes that the government has chosen to tender the project, rather than negotiating directly with a potential private sector contractor. The benefits of choosing a tender process are...
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Media:
Blog posts
When it was set up in 1991, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) was mandated to help former Soviet and former socialist countries open up to market-based economies. The goal is also reflected in our name — reconstruction and development after the damage inflicted by decades...
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Body of Knowledge:
Project Identification and PPP Screening
The main performance indicators in economic-analysis are the economic Net Present Value and the economic Internal Rate of Return (eNPV and eIRR, respectively). Mathematically speaking, the eNPV consists of the projected costs and benefits, duly discounted using a suitable discount rate, and the...
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Body of Knowledge:
Tendering and Awarding the Contract
Launching is the milestone that triggers the tender process. Tender documents are published through standard government processes, often in the official government bulletin or journal, on a centralized procurement website, or in regional or national newspapers.
Sometimes, in the case of procurement...
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Body of Knowledge:
Structuring and Drafting the Tender and Contract
Legal qualification relates fundamentally to the legal conditions that must be satisfied for a bidder to submit a bid according to the local/market or country’s common regulations.
Therefore, legal qualification refers to the formal regularity of the bidder, particularly with respect to its legal...
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Body of Knowledge:
Structuring and Drafting the Tender and Contract
The government may provide equity to the project company directly (participation from the procurement agency) or through a public infrastructure fund.
Sometimes the motivation is to increase day-to-day control and have direct access to accounts and daily management of the company. This should...
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Body of Knowledge:
Structuring and Drafting the Tender and Contract
When a compensation event occurs, the private partner has the right to claim compensation to offset the loss suffered or that will be suffered, or part of the loss suffered in shared risk events. The loss may include forgone revenues (for example, revenue lost due to a delay in construction, where...
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Body of Knowledge:
Project Identification and PPP Screening
A government may face a situation in which there is no room in the budget (either the current budget or a future budget) to procure all potential projects/government-pays PPPs, regardless of whether all those projects respond to relevant needs of the society in an efficient way, creating public...
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Body of Knowledge:
Structuring and Drafting the Tender and Contract
In some projects, the pre-qualification process is accompanied by the selection of a short list from the pre-qualified bidders. The pre-qualifying bidders are ranked on the strength of their pre-qualification responses, and a limited number of the highest ranking bidders are short listed to proceed...
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Body of Knowledge:
Appraising PPP Projects
The process of analyzing social impacts is regulated in many countries as part of the appraisal of infrastructure projects. The project team must therefore follow any applicable legal or regulatory rules. Several jurisdictions name the process of evaluating the social feasibility as a social impact...
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Body of Knowledge:
Structuring and Drafting the Tender and Contract
5.4.1 Quantitative Assessment and Appraisal
As noted, a quantitative assessment (estimating or defining values of the possible outcomes or “expected values”) is usually applied during appraisal for financial analysis and VfM. This is also referred as “adjusting values to risk”, and it is also...
