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Video of Booking an Online Exam with APMG International
Foundation Exam
The Foundation certification is designed to measure whether a candidate has sufficient knowledge and understanding of the PPP Guide to act as an informed team member of a PPP finance project.
This exam is aimed at...
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Body of Knowledge:
Project Identification and PPP Screening
Name of Document (including version if more than one)
Authors/Editors and Year
Description / Reason for Signposting (including details on pages and/or headings when applicable)
http link (when available)
Defining Success for Software Projects: An Exploratory Revelation
Agarwal, N....
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Body of Knowledge:
Structuring and Drafting the Tender and Contract
5.4.1 Quantitative Assessment and Appraisal
As noted, a quantitative assessment (estimating or defining values of the possible outcomes or “expected values”) is usually applied during appraisal for financial analysis and VfM. This is also referred as “adjusting values to risk”, and it is also...
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Body of Knowledge:
Establishing a PPP Framework
High value transactions attract the risk of corruption. Private players may attempt to improperly influence transactions and public officials may attempt to extract private profit from public office. Corruption in PPPs can be minimized using the mechanisms outlined above clear processes and...
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Body of Knowledge:
Project Identification and PPP Screening
The risks that are inherent to a project have to be considered and included in the appraisal. This must be done through proper adjustments and/or showing the ranges of values for certain sensitivities/future movements or the deviations on critical factors and variables. For this purpose, risks have...
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Body of Knowledge:
Strategy Delivery and Commissioning
Name of Document
Authors/Editors and Year
Description
http link
General Guidance on Contract Management and Construction Phase Management
4ps – A guide to Contract Management for PFI and PPP Projects
4ps in collaboration with Mott MacDonald, Public Private Partnerships...
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Body of Knowledge:
Structuring and Drafting the Tender and Contract
An exact definition for risk is hard to find and its measurement is controversial as well. In literature, the word "risk" is used with many different meanings. The Oxford English Dictionary defines risk as "chance or possibility of danger, loss, injury, etc.”.
In the context of an infrastructure...
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Body of Knowledge:
Appraising PPP Projects
As the interplay between the several feasibility assessments evolves, including the legal due diligence and the social and environmental assessments, the government will be able to ensure that the project can be done. It will understand what the main obstacles ahead are, and, whenever relevant,...
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Body of Knowledge:
Structuring and Drafting the Tender and Contract
BOX 5.14: Clarifications regarding the Scope of the Risk Concept assumed in this Chapter
Risk from a financial perspective
This chapter deals with risk matters from a financial perspective. As such, it is centred on risks affecting the infrastructure asset and the economic business related to...
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Body of Knowledge:
PPP Introduction and Overview
The contract scope and therefore the structure may vary significantly within projects related to the same sector. The following illustrates the main variations in three sectors which are paradigmatic in this sense;
Rail: The PPP scope may include the following:
Only the infrastructure (the...
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Body of Knowledge:
PPP Introduction and Overview
The preceding sections explained how the PPP option may be a significant source of incremental efficiency and provide other benefits for better infrastructure management. It may also have weak points and other issues that make it inappropriate for some of projects.
Governments need to protect and...
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Body of Knowledge:
Structuring and Drafting the Tender and Contract
Any contract may be terminated early for a number of reasons instead of continuing for its expected life. A typical classification of reasons for early termination is listed below.
Termination for convenience (or "unilateral termination”).
The government will always reserve the right to terminate...
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Body of Knowledge:
Structuring and Drafting the Tender and Contract
The technical capacity or experience criteria are essential for project success. Many projects fail because the successful bidder lacks the skills and experience required to manage the challenges and complexities of the particular infrastructure project. Failure can also occur if the successful...
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Body of Knowledge:
Structuring and Drafting the Tender and Contract
As introduced in chapter 4, when the private partner’s revenue is based on user-payments, there are a number of structuring parameters that should be carefully considered and outlined during appraisal. These should then be refined (and in exceptional cases reconsidered) in the Structuring Phase....
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Body of Knowledge:
PPP Introduction and Overview
The other main motivation for the use of PPPs as an alternative tool to both finance and procure infrastructure is the potential long-term gain in terms of efficiency (when applying PPP to the right projects and under the right structure and procurement process) and effectiveness (when using PPPs...
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Body of Knowledge:
Project Identification and PPP Screening
This section introduces[16] the concepts of Cost-Benefit Analysis and economic analysis.
FIGURE 3.3: Sequence of the CBA Analysis
Note: CBA= cost-benefit analysis; eIRR= economic Internal Rate of Return; eNPV= economic Net Present Value.
The most refined form of economic analysis is the Cost-...
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Body of Knowledge:
Appraising PPP Projects
The VfM analysis compares the relative merits of PPP procurement against one or more other procurement routes, usually traditional public finance. This can be done using quantitative analysis, qualitative analysis, or both. Some frameworks focus on quantitative analysis, requiring a comparison of...
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Body of Knowledge:
PPP Introduction and Overview
Design, Build, Operate and Maintain (DBOM)
There are some contracts which are financed by the government against the budget (such as a conventional procurement) but in which the selected contractor will carry out the construction works, future operations, and maintenance....
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Body of Knowledge:
Appraising PPP Projects
At the Appraisal Phase, the project must be accurately described in financial terms to allow for several feasibility exercises to produce meaningful results. For example, the following appraisal exercises in box 4.5 use some variation of the financial description of the project.
BOX 4.5:...
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Body of Knowledge:
Appraising PPP Projects
The commercial feasibility must be assessed from two different points of view: lenders (the debt providers) and investors (the equity providers).
8.1.1 The Lenders’ Perspective (bankability)
The key aspect of the lenders’ concerns is the capacity of the project company to repay its debt on the...
